# Alternative treatments for liver cirrhosis
People with liver cirrhosis sometimes look for supplements to or alternatives for standard treatment. This tab describes what research has revealed about different approaches outside conventional medicine.
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) – herbal preparations
Various TCM formulations have been studied for their potential effect on liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Examples include Fuzheng Huayu tablets, Jianpi Huayu decoction, Huaganjian decoction and Qi Wei Zhi Gan formulations. These preparations are traditionally used to counteract liver scar tissue (fibrosis) and support normal liver function.
ResearchediPositive results in clinical studies, not yet standard treatment
Animal studies and cell culture experiments have shown that certain components of these formulations are involved in processes that can slow liver scar tissue. Some studies in people with hepatitis B and cirrhosis suggest that Fuzheng Huayu tablets may help prevent the disease from worsening after the first symptoms of decline appear. However, this has not yet been sufficiently researched for a definitive recommendation. Effectiveness, correct dosage and long-term safety remain unclear. TCM preparations can also interact with other medications and are not of uniform quality everywhere.
Pien-Tze-Huang
This is a traditional Chinese mixture that contains, among other things, liver-supporting herbs and substances. In animal tests it slowed the spread of cancer to the liver and appeared to reduce inflammation and scarring in liver tissue.
ResearchediPositive results in clinical studies, not yet standard treatment
The research so far concerns animal models. Studies in people with cirrhosis are lacking. Whether and how this medicine actually helps patients is therefore still unknown.
Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)
Ashwagandha is a plant from the Indian Ayurveda tradition. It is sometimes promoted for liver and immune support. However, a recent review has warned of liver damage linked to ashwagandha intake.
Advised againstiProven ineffective or harmful, or dangerous in combination with your treatment
Although ashwagandha is considered "natural" and safe in some circles, there have been reported cases of serious liver damage, in some cases even requiring liver transplantation. For someone with an already damaged liver, this poses an additional risk. Its use can be dangerous, especially without supervision.
Prismatomeris tetrandra
This is a plant from traditional Asian medicine. Animal studies have shown that certain components can slow liver scar tissue and reduce inflammation processes.
ResearchediPositive results in clinical studies, not yet standard treatment
So far, only animal studies have been conducted. Whether this actually helps people with cirrhosis has not been investigated.
Aloe emodin (from Cassiae semen)
This is a substance found in certain plant extracts. In laboratory research it slowed the multiplication of hepatitis B virus and supported certain immune functions.
ResearchediPositive results in clinical studies, not yet standard treatment
The effects have been demonstrated in cell culture and animal models. Studies in people are lacking. For someone with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis this could theoretically be of interest, but this is far from proven.
General remarks about TCM and herbal preparations
Many TCM formulations are interesting from a scientific perspective because they contain chemical substances that can slow liver fibrosis in laboratory research. This does not automatically mean that they are effective in people. The gap between cell research and animal models on one hand and reality in patients on the other is large.
Moreover:
- Many TCM preparations are not standardized; the composition varies by manufacturer.
- They can interact with medications used for liver cirrhosis or other conditions.
- They can place extra strain on the liver, especially if its function is already reduced.
- For someone with advanced cirrhosis, unexpected effects can be serious.
Dietary supplements and nutrients
Many people think that certain vitamins, minerals or herbal extracts can protect or restore the liver. Regularly studied are, among others, silymarin (from milk thistle), selenium, vitamins A, C, E and D.
Studied (for certain substances)
Some nutrients have shown favorable effects on liver inflammation and fibrosis in research. However: conversely, high doses of certain vitamins (especially vitamin A) can be harmful for someone with cirrhosis. For others, the evidence is weak. A doctor can advise whether certain supplements are safe in your situation.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture is sometimes offered as support for liver diseases.
ResearchediPositive results in clinical studies, not yet standard treatment
There are indications that acupuncture can relieve liver inflammation and pain, but this has not been well studied specifically for cirrhosis. Physical risks are small, but it should not replace necessary medical treatment.
Hepatoprotective ("liver-protecting") agents
These are substances that are proposed to protect or restore the liver. Many are largely unproven.
Unproven (for most)
Many so-called liver protectors sold in dietary supplements lack solid evidence behind them. A few (for example certain pentoxifylline preparations) have moderate evidence, but have not become standard treatment. For cirrhosis in advanced stages, they have little to no effect.
Why caution is warranted
In advanced liver cirrhosis, the liver is already severely damaged. A compromised liver can break down medications and substances less well, so they can accumulate. This increases the risk of side effects. Also: cirrhosis has serious complications that only regular medical care handles well (bleeding, fluid accumulation, changes in consciousness).
Alternative remedies can delay the need for regular treatment, with dangerous consequences.
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_This information never replaces a doctor's judgment. Always discuss your situation with your own healthcare provider._